Koshoj Опубликовано 4 июля Опубликовано 4 июля https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aef0108 Ancient DNA reveals elite dynastic rule among Iron Age Eurasian Steppe nomads Ayshin Ghalichi, Madina Seidualy, Adam B. Rohrlach, Lyazzat Musralina, Guido Gnecchi-Ruscone, Taylor Hermes, Elmira Khussainova, Nurzhibek Kahbatkyzy, Bakhytzhan Bekmanov, Olzhas Iksan, Nazym Altynova, Jonathan Tuke, Matthew Roughan, Baurzhan Baitanayev, Akhan Onggaruly, Gulmira Mukhtarova, Abdesh Toleubayev, Rinat Zhumatayev, Bakkeldi Rysbek, Zainolla Samashev, Arman Beisenov, Choongwon Jeong, Wolfgang Haak, Leyla Djansugurova, Johannes Krause, and Ainash Childebayeva Science Advances 3 Jul 2026 Vol 12, Issue 27 Abstract The Eurasian Steppe in the first millennium BCE saw the rise of the Scytho-Siberian archaeological horizon, which would come to stretch from the Altai Mountains in the east to the Black Sea in the west. We examined the genetic profiles of Iron Age Scythians to explore how social status shaped biological relatedness and ancestry patterns. We present genome-wide data from 85 individuals (38 elite and 47 non-elite), including 45 newly sequenced individuals and the first genome-wide data for the Scythian “Golden Man.” We identify consanguineous unions, a reduced effective population size, and identity-by-descent links among the elites. Dynastic rule is supported by elite grandparent-grandchild relationships across cemeteries. While ancestries are heterogeneous, elite Iron Age Scythians show lower variation and no detectable patrilocal or matrilocal signal. These findings highlight hereditary status transmission and the emergence of social stratification in ancient nomadic societies. В первом тысячелетии до н. э. на территории Евразийской степи сформировался скифо-сибирский археологический горизонт, который впоследствии простирался от Алтайских гор на востоке до Черного моря на западе. Мы проанализировали генетические профили скифов железного века, чтобы выяснить, как социальный статус влиял на биологическое родство и структуру происхождения. Мы представляем данные полногеномного анализа 85 индивидуумов (38 представителей элиты и 47 простых людей), включая 45 ранее не секвенированных индивидуумов и первые данные полногеномного анализа скифского «Золотого человека». Мы выявили случаи браков между родственниками, уменьшенный эффективный размер популяции и связи по происхождению среди представителей элиты. Династическое правление подтверждается отношениями «дедушка-внук» среди представителей элиты, обнаруженными на различных кладбищах. Хотя происхождение этих людей неоднородно, у представителей элиты скифов эпохи железа наблюдается меньшая вариативность и отсутствуют обнаруживаемые признаки патрилокальности или матрилокальности. Эти результаты подчеркивают наследственную передачу статуса и появление социальной стратификации в древних кочевых обществах. Переведено с помощью DeepL.com (бесплатная версия) Sample Status Genetic Sex MT Y chr AKB002 Elite XX G3a3 - AKB003 Elite XX C4 - BKB001 Elite XY C5+16093 low coverage BKB003 Elite XY U4a1a R1a1a1b BKB004 Elite XX Z1a1 - BRE016 Elite XY D4f Q1b1a1a1g BRE028 Elite XX A8a1 - ESZ004 Elite XY R1b1 R1a1a1 GOM001 Elite XY R0 low coverage KOT002 Elite XY G2b2 R1a1a1b NUR003 Elite XX C5b1b - SHI004 Elite XY H1n6 R SHI008 Elite XY D4e1 R1a1a1 SRK002 Elite XX G1c2 - URD002 Elite XX low coverage - GOM001_ss Elite XY low coverage low coverage GOM001_ss Elite XY low coverage low coverage URD002_ss Elite XX H - BIR001 non Elite XX R2+13500 - BIR002 non Elite XY C4a1a Q1a1a BIR003 non Elite XX F2f - BIR004 non Elite XX HV18 - BIR005 non Elite XY K2b1a1 N1a1a1a1a BIR006 non Elite XX HV18 - BIR007 non Elite XY H10 R1a1a1b2a2 BIR008 non Elite XX A+152+16362 - BIR009 non Elite low coverage low coverage low coverage BKB002 non Elite XY T2b34 R1a1a1b2a2a3 BRE027 non Elite XY D4j+(16286) Q1b1a ESZ005 non Elite XX R1b1 - ESZ006 non Elite XX HV6 - ESZ007 non Elite XY T2+16189 Q1b1a3 ESZ008 non Elite XY U5a1d2b R1a1a1b2a2a3 ESZ009 non Elite XX low.cov - ESZ010 non Elite XY U2e3 R1a1a1b2a2 ESZ011 non Elite XX Y1a1 - ESZ012 non Elite XY Y1a1 Q1b1a3a1 ESZ014 non Elite XY U7 Q1b ESZ015 non Elite XY R1b1 R1a1a1b KOT001 non Elite XY U5a2a1 R1a1a1b2a2 KOT003 non Elite XY K1b1a1+199 R1a1a1b2 NUR005 non Elite XX D4h4a - SHI001 non Elite XY T2b R1a1 SHI002 non Elite XX Y1a1 - SHI005* non Elite XY A26 Q1a SHI006* non Elite XY A26 Q1a2a1 SHI007* non Elite XY A+152+16362 Q1a2a1 SRK003 non Elite XY C4a1a+195 Q1b1a3 SRK004 non Elite XY T2d1b2 low coverage SRK005 non Elite XY H41a low coverage SHI009 non Elite XY H15b1 R1a1a1b2a2 1
Bas1 Опубликовано 7 июля Опубликовано 7 июля 19 часов назад, Samtat сказал: С Иссыкским снова не получилось. Низкое покрытие Иссыкский человек XY?
Samtat Опубликовано 9 июля Опубликовано 9 июля На МолГене пишут, что китайцы уже грузят образцы на свой сайт. Посмотрел. В целом без неожиданностей. Теже линии , что и в предыдущих работах.
Samtat Опубликовано 10 июля Опубликовано 10 июля https://www.theytree.com/portal/index/samples?keyword=Ancient DNA reveals elite dynastic rule among Iron Age Eurasian Steppe nomads
Samtat Опубликовано 10 сентября Опубликовано 10 сентября G25 Цитата Elite:AKB002,0.045529,-0.352389,0.084475,-0.001938,-0.067705,-0.03765,0.01034,0.014538,0.002454,0.006925,-0.017863,-0.001948,0.001635,-0.006193,0.007329,0.00716,-0.000913,-0.00152,-0.005656,0.012131,-0.027576,0.001113,-0.011709,-0.003253,0.005508 Elite:AKB003,0.076261,-0.132019,0.068636,0.041344,-0.027082,0.003347,0.00376,0.004384,-0.008385,-0.014032,-0.021922,0.004046,0.003865,-0.013212,0.011129,0.000928,-0.017863,-0.00038,-0.005782,0.002501,-0.020589,-0.002968,0.000123,0.007109,0.003832 Elite:BKB003,0.112685,0.049761,0.029038,0.070737,-0.031083,0.024263,0.00564,-0.005077,-0.035587,-0.029887,-0.007632,0.001199,0.001933,-0.014175,0.013708,-0.000265,0.001173,-0.005828,-0.005028,0.00025,-0.004617,0.001113,0.007272,0.010845,-0.010418 Elite:BKB004,0.085367,-0.112724,0.072784,0.049419,-0.036007,0.001952,-0.00846,0.011307,0.000818,-0.002916,-0.008607,-0.014687,-0.006095,-0.021607,0.015472,0.019225,0.011865,0.000127,0.013827,0.013381,-0.028075,-0.009892,0.000739,-0.009881,0.015328 Elite:BRE016,0.0774,-0.137096,0.062602,0.040698,-0.048009,0.005578,-0.00094,0.004615,-0.003477,-0.018041,-0.018837,0.002248,0.006838,-0.030002,0.006379,0.000265,-0.015255,0.004181,-0.00176,0.002376,-0.018842,0.01929,-0.002958,-0.006748,0.000838 Elite:BRE028,0.084229,-0.111708,0.059962,0.05168,-0.042162,0.010319,-0.004465,-0.006,-0.012476,-0.024602,-0.005846,-0.000749,-0.009217,-0.0139,0.009636,0.00411,-0.00352,0.003927,0.007542,0.014382,-0.021088,0.006677,-0.008381,-0.001205,-0.003592 Elite:ESZ004,0.097888,-0.02945,0.041483,0.063954,-0.04647,0.016733,-0.00517,-0.007846,-0.016566,-0.035536,-0.016888,-0.00015,-0.00223,-0.018854,0.026737,0.000398,-0.009909,-0.006588,-0.004902,-0.006378,-0.019216,0.001237,-0.002711,0.003976,-0.002036 Elite:KOT002,0.086506,-0.116786,0.058831,0.046512,-0.036007,0.016733,-0.00282,0.003231,-0.015953,-0.029887,-0.014777,-0.008692,-0.004608,-0.024497,0.015472,0.007823,0.000261,-0.002407,-0.006034,0.009254,-0.029573,0.000989,-0.008258,0.008314,0.005987 Elite:NUR003,0.044391,-0.311768,0.063356,-0.001292,-0.06155,-0.025379,0.004465,0.001154,-0.007363,0.01221,-0.007957,0.01079,0.000743,-0.017203,0.009772,-0.006629,0.005607,0.00076,0.004148,0.004877,-0.018218,0.002349,0.000986,0.01205,0.015088 Elite:SHI004,0.092197,0.005078,-0.004525,0.045543,-0.057857,0.009482,0.000235,-0.001385,-0.037632,-0.037176,-0.008931,0.006294,0.00446,-0.024222,0.009365,0.003713,0.014473,0.00152,0.001257,-0.014007,-0.024457,0.018053,0.003451,0.002289,0.000838 Elite:SHI008,0.095611,-0.116786,0.053551,0.04845,-0.033237,0.001673,-0.00094,0.002308,-0.009408,-0.01877,0.001786,-0.00015,0.002973,-0.031103,0.011265,0.018165,0.01017,0.003927,-0.004525,0.007629,-0.015722,0.003586,0.008627,0.008917,0.006706 Elite:SRK002,0.066017,-0.228494,0.049026,-0.00323,-0.036007,-0.005857,0.011281,0.013384,-0.008181,0.004374,-0.035725,-0.001948,0.006392,0.003441,-0.004614,0.004243,0.009388,-0.009248,0.003771,0.007379,-0.007112,0.006554,-0.006655,0.006507,-0.007185 nonElite:BIR001,0.103579,0,0.036958,0.060078,-0.02185,0.017849,0.00517,-0.010615,-0.02352,-0.026424,-0.00406,-0.006594,-0.006095,-0.019818,0.016286,0.016441,-0.014864,0,-0.00352,0.001626,-0.004742,0.004204,0.004807,-0.001446,0.007903 nonElite:BIR002,0.033009,-0.389963,0.086361,-0.013566,-0.07663,-0.043786,0.017156,0.019153,0.006545,0.011663,-0.011042,-0.004046,0.001041,-0.010735,-0.008686,-0.001724,0.007432,-0.002407,0.013701,0.016133,-0.013726,-0.007048,-0.012202,-0.00723,-0.007305 nonElite:BIR003,0.102441,0.002031,0.029415,0.056848,-0.042162,0.023148,0.000705,-0.002769,-0.027202,-0.023144,-0.004222,0.005395,-0.003568,-0.026148,0.018187,0.01538,0.00013,-0.00152,-0.006285,0.005253,-0.010232,-0.001113,0.005916,0.002048,-0.003712 nonElite:BIR004,0.09675,-0.004062,0.036958,0.068799,-0.037545,0.013945,0.00517,-0.004846,-0.018612,-0.036447,0.001786,0.003747,-0.002527,-0.020781,0.015336,-0.003447,-0.035334,0.004307,0.001131,-0.004002,-0.005615,0.009027,-0.001109,-0.011206,-0.004431 nonElite:BIR005,0.078538,-0.111708,0.056191,0.065569,-0.056626,0.022311,0.011516,-0.001385,-0.007772,-0.02442,-0.003573,-0.005395,0.00446,-0.016377,0.013301,0.020949,0.005346,-0.005701,-0.001634,-0.00025,-0.013601,0.011871,0.003081,0.018316,-0.002874 nonElite:BIR006,0.099026,0.025388,0.008297,0.056525,-0.044624,0.024542,0.00423,-0.007615,-0.031906,-0.034625,-0.010068,-0.00015,-0.007284,-0.013487,0.013436,0.011933,-0.004824,0.00076,-0.000126,-0.003752,-0.003993,-0.000618,0.005176,0.010604,-0.00491 nonElite:BIR007,0.111547,0.050776,0.010936,0.063631,-0.027697,0.024821,0.00517,-0.009,-0.026997,-0.042643,0.000487,0.006594,0.002825,-0.022708,0.013301,0.020817,0.008345,0.000507,0.001131,0.013632,-0.009358,-0.001237,0.006779,-0.00012,-0.004431 nonElite:BIR008,0.091058,-0.069056,0.058454,0.061693,-0.043393,0.013387,0.00517,-0.000231,-0.020861,-0.022597,-0.017538,-0.003747,-0.005649,-0.016239,0.012622,0.003447,-0.011735,0.00038,0.004651,0.004627,-0.019965,0.001607,0.003821,0.001928,0.001796 nonElite:BKB002,0.094473,-0.005078,0.024136,0.050388,-0.028928,0.023985,0.003055,-0.003692,-0.031497,-0.03426,-0.01153,-0.001649,0.000595,-0.013074,0.014251,-0.004641,-0.025295,-0.000633,-0.002514,-0.003752,-0.016471,0.004081,0.002835,0,0.00012 nonElite:BRE027,0.084229,-0.127957,0.062602,0.046835,-0.043085,-0.001673,-0.005875,-0.001154,-0.007772,-0.017312,-0.002273,-0.001798,-0.001041,-0.030002,0.019408,0.006895,0.005215,-0.001774,-0.000628,0.005503,-0.017968,-0.001978,-0.001232,0.006989,0.002515 nonElite:ESZ005,0.106994,-0.03859,0.03017,0.053618,-0.041546,0.011713,-0.006345,-0.006,-0.003272,-0.025695,-0.005846,-0.00045,-0.000446,-0.027112,0.029858,-0.00053,-0.005607,0.001014,0.008925,0.011506,-0.011854,0.015209,0.008751,-0.011568,0.007903 nonElite:ESZ006,0.09675,-0.103584,0.048271,0.044574,-0.040315,0.001952,-0.000705,0.002077,-0.006136,-0.022051,-0.012829,-0.000899,0,-0.017616,0.011401,0.020154,0.004433,-0.002027,0.000126,0.005878,-0.018717,0.004081,0.001232,0.003374,-0.005389 nonElite:ESZ007,0.10927,-0.028435,0.026776,0.063631,-0.051394,0.018965,0.00188,0.006923,-0.032519,-0.03262,-0.003897,0.008393,0.005054,-0.024634,0.017779,0.027181,0.009127,-0.002914,0.005782,0.00075,-0.013476,0.001484,0.007765,0.001687,0.001317 nonElite:ESZ008,0.093335,-0.099522,0.054305,0.056202,-0.037238,0.012829,0.006815,-0.005077,-0.011658,-0.020593,-0.012991,-0.000899,-0.000743,-0.020919,0.020222,0.008088,-0.006258,0.005954,0.001131,-0.006503,-0.027327,-0.001484,-0.002342,0.006627,0.00455 nonElite:ESZ009,0.099026,-0.027419,0.028661,0.066538,-0.026466,0.025379,-0.006815,-0.004384,-0.024134,-0.036447,-0.001461,-0.015736,0,-0.02202,0.033387,0.016706,-0.011083,0.002407,0.01345,-0.002376,-0.022211,0.005812,-0.006409,0.006868,0.007065 nonElite:ESZ010,0.100164,-0.041637,0.047517,0.053618,-0.046778,0.005857,0.001645,0.000923,-0.022498,-0.025878,-0.003897,-0.003447,0.005649,-0.024359,0.019408,0.017634,0.000522,0.002534,-0.006034,0.004627,-0.017719,0.007296,0.001972,0.011688,-0.002994 nonElite:ESZ011,0.040976,-0.36356,0.073161,-0.021318,-0.060319,-0.035419,0.00658,0.014999,0.007567,0.008747,-0.027281,0,-0.002973,-0.007019,-0.000543,0.003978,0.004433,-0.000253,-0.003017,0.01113,-0.020838,0.000124,-0.015406,-0.000843,0.010538 nonElite:ESZ012,0.071709,-0.231541,0.06939,0.005168,-0.049548,-0.017849,0.001175,0.011538,-0.003068,-0.008747,-0.016401,-0.002698,0.001338,-0.013349,0.00855,0.012861,-0.00013,-0.0019,0.00993,0.003752,-0.015223,-0.000371,-0.013804,-0.003374,0.002395 nonElite:ESZ014,0.108132,-0.006093,0.031301,0.079781,-0.045239,0.028168,-0.000705,-0.002538,-0.027611,-0.040821,0,-0.001199,-0.00773,-0.040048,0.026058,0.02201,0.005346,-0.006461,0.008296,0.012756,-0.019091,0.009398,-0.010969,0.004458,0.002754 nonElite:ESZ015,0.087644,-0.108662,0.051288,0.056848,-0.041238,0.004462,0.00188,0.004846,-0.007363,-0.011116,-0.01494,0.001349,-0.002973,-0.025185,0.009229,0.01485,0.002217,0.001394,-0.005405,0.008379,-0.016221,0.010016,-0.006409,0.008194,0.000599 nonElite:KOT001,0.083091,-0.091398,0.055814,0.056525,-0.03416,0.009482,-0.002585,0.001154,-0.02127,-0.033896,-0.015265,-0.005995,0.005946,-0.027249,0.018322,0.013259,0.001173,-0.005068,-0.004399,0.007504,-0.017594,0.003091,-0.002218,0.005422,-0.002874 nonElite:KOT003,0.085367,-0.116786,0.038466,0.037468,-0.045855,0.002231,0.011751,0.008538,-0.020452,-0.029704,-0.008444,0.000599,0.008028,-0.021332,0.008958,0.005304,-0.002217,-0.003041,0.001508,0.003877,-0.012603,-0.008532,-0.004683,-0.003976,0 nonElite:NUR005,0.03187,-0.368637,0.069013,-0.023256,-0.049855,-0.028168,0.00987,0.012461,0.004909,0.013121,-0.029392,-0.006294,-0.001338,-0.007294,0.000679,0.00053,-0.002347,0.002787,-0.000503,0.008004,-0.015223,-0.00272,-0.017501,-0.006627,-0.003233 nonElite:SHI001,0.067156,-0.175687,0.053928,0.036822,-0.026466,-0.000837,0.0047,0.000692,0.002045,-0.015308,-0.033777,-0.007493,-0.013082,-0.032066,0.012486,0.011005,-0.011343,-0.015583,-0.002137,0.035892,-0.033815,-0.013725,-0.008381,-0.00494,0.003113 nonElite:SHI002,0.036423,-0.407227,0.105217,-0.009367,-0.100634,-0.064703,0.017861,0.02723,0.003477,0.018041,0.012179,0.006294,0.003717,-0.003716,-0.0057,0.008618,0.003912,-0.011655,0.004022,0.02001,-0.039181,0.008903,-0.009737,-0.013134,0.004191 nonElite:SHI005_006_007,0.085367,-0.126941,0.058077,0.040698,-0.040007,-0.010319,0.002115,-0.000462,-0.010635,-0.016583,-0.012991,0.001649,-0.008176,-0.018029,0.014794,0.004243,0.00352,0.000253,0.007542,0.004627,-0.010232,0.003215,-0.004314,0.002169,-0.001916 nonElite:SHI009,0.100164,-0.019295,0.042615,0.052649,-0.02462,0.021196,0.00235,-0.011076,-0.020043,-0.029887,-0.012504,-0.002548,0.004162,-0.019542,0.016829,0.023601,0.008214,-0.003801,0.00088,-0.005253,-0.001622,0.00272,0.006162,-0.005904,0.004431 nonElite:SRK003,0.069432,-0.207168,0.072407,0.019703,-0.059703,-0.013666,0.009635,0.014769,-0.006545,-0.013668,-0.019162,-0.001649,0.008028,-0.013212,0.015336,0.012994,0.004172,-0.006461,-0.008673,0.007629,-0.022336,0.00507,-0.013311,-0.003494,0.004191 nonElite:SRK004,0.068294,-0.233572,0.066373,0.01292,-0.063396,-0.028726,0.015511,-0.009692,-0.003477,-0.007107,-0.015589,0.008992,0.002825,-0.040736,0.006515,0.011403,-0.009388,0.004434,0.019609,5e-04,-0.02009,-0.026214,0.004437,0.005784,-0.022154
Samtat Опубликовано 10 сентября Опубликовано 10 сентября В 10.07.2026 в 12:48, Samtat сказал: https://www.theytree.com/portal/index/samples?keyword=Ancient DNA reveals elite dynastic rule among Iron Age Eurasian Steppe nomads Странно, но китайцы ошибочно указывают по некоторым образцам вместо Казахстана, Россию и Монголию. Зачем ?
